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Cover Image
Cover Image
ON THE COVER
Sustained T cell development continues in thymic grafts when replenishing hematopoietic progenitor cells are lacking, according to reports by Martins et al. and Peaudecerf et al. The authors show that in the absence of competition from T cell progenitors, thymocytes switch to a mode of self-renewal that is capable of maintaining long-term lymphopoiesis and seeding of the periphery with diverse T cell populations. Thomas Boehm discusses these findings and how they challenge central dogma of thymus biology in a Minireview. Cover art of faucets in the on and off position represents the presence or absence of a flow of competitive precursor replacement to the pool of thymocytes. Artwork by Lewis Long ([email protected]).
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Review
Revealing the role of CD4+ T cells in viral immunity
Sant and McMichael discuss new advances in detecting CD4+ T cells at the right time and place during viral infection.
Self-renewal of thymocytes in the absence of competitive precursor replenishment
Thomas Boehm discusses recent findings on sustained thymocyte development in the absence of replenishing hematopoietic progenitors.
Brief Definitive Report
Thymocytes may persist and differentiate without any input from bone marrow progenitors
New thymus transplant experiments reveal that in the absence of competing bone marrow progenitors, existing thymocytes can self-renew, guaranteeing thymus cellularity and the rapid reconstitution of the peripheral T cell pools.
Mammalian RNase H2 removes ribonucleotides from DNA to maintain genome integrity
Mouse RNase H2 is essential to remove ribonucleotides from the genome to prevent DNA damage.
The chemoattractant chemerin suppresses melanoma by recruiting natural killer cell antitumor defenses
Chemerin recruits NK cells to suppress melanoma growth.
A specific role for TLR1 in protective TH17 immunity during mucosal infection
TLR1/TLR2 complexes are required for induction of IL-6 and IL-23 to generate protective TH17-mediated immunity and IgA production after oral but not systemic Yersinia enterocolitica infection.
Article
Familial transmission rather than defective innate immunity shapes the distinct intestinal microbiota of TLR-deficient mice
Differences between TLR-deficient mouse colonies occur from extended husbandry in isolation that are communicated to offspring by maternal transmission.
Hematopoietic stem cell development requires transient Wnt/β-catenin activity
Deletion of β-catenin from mouse embryonic endothelium, but not embryonic hematopoietic cells, prevents hematopoietic differentiation; thus Wnt/β-catenin signaling is needed for emergence but not maintenance of HSCs.
Broad neutralization by a combination of antibodies recognizing the CD4 binding site and a new conformational epitope on the HIV-1 envelope protein
A new method is used to isolate neutralizing antibodies recognizing a new epitope on the cell surface–expressed, but not soluble, HIV-1 spike.
Dominance of the CD4+ T helper cell response during acute resolving hepatitis A virus infection
CD4+ T cells play a dominant role in control of acute HAV infection in chimpanzees.
Apoptotic cells suppress mast cell inflammatory responses via the CD300a immunoreceptor
After cecal ligation and puncture, mice lacking the phosphatidylserine receptor CD300a on mast cells show more neutrophil recruitment to the peritoneal cavity, improved bacterial clearance, and extended survival.
Interleukin-1α controls allergic sensitization to inhaled house dust mite via the epithelial release of GM-CSF and IL-33
IL-1α promotes a cascade of cytokine production from epithelial cells culminating in Th2 immunity to house dust mite allergens.
