Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein harbors conserved human T cell epitopes that may serve as targets for broad strain-transcending immunity. The findings offer guidance for the design of improved malaria vaccines.

In this study, we report that microbiota depletion exacerbates acute graft-versus-host disease in the central nervous system, driven by microglial activation and T cell infiltration. Administration of the bacteria-derived metabolite N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid could rescue both microglial activation and associated neurocognitive deficits.

Type I IFN signaling contributes to arthritis pathogenesis in obesity through activation and expansion of CD8 T cells in visceral adipose tissue and synovium. Deletion of IFNAR1 in T cells reduces arthritis severity in obese mice.

Cachexia is a devastating cancer comorbidity that impacts numerous cancer outcomes, including therapeutic efficacy, quality of life, and overall survival. This work describes a novel metabolic pathway/target with clinical implications for the treatment of cachectic pancreatic cancer patients.

TLOs are LN-like structures that are observed in certain inflammatory diseases. Geng et al. demonstrate that S1PR1 activity in the lymphatic vasculature is necessary to prevent TLO formation in the terminal ileum.

Lane et al. discover that the lymphatic vasculature is functionally and transcriptionally distinct along the gut. Duodenal lymphatic vessels appear optimized for dietary lipid uptake. Duodenal helminths compromise this property, providing an alternative explanation for worm-induced resistance to weight gain.

Current mRNA vaccines have either limited efficacy or severe toxicity. This study highlights that next-generation mRNA vaccines encoding membrane-tethered cytokine adjuvants can generate potent pre-effector cells, offering effective tumor control with reduced toxicity.