Accumulating brain ILC2s possess potential pro-tissue repair functions following ischemic stroke. (A) Experimental design for scRNA-seq of CD45^high immune cells (created with https://BioRender.com). n = 2 biological replicates for each group. (B) UMAP plot of CD45^high immune cells with (n = 2) and without (n = 2) IL2–JES6-1 treatment 14 days after MCAO. (C) The relative proportion (upper row) of all cell types in A from each group and proportional change (lower row) of these cell types between IL2–JES6-1-treated group and PBS group. (D) Immunofluorescence of a WT mouse brain 14 days after MCAO receiving IL2–JES6-1 treatments. The white arrows indicate ILC2s (CD45⁺CD3⁻GATA3⁺), and yellow arrow indicates a T cell (CD45⁺CD3⁺). Scale bars, 100 µm (10 µm for zoomed out). (E) Flow cytometry gating strategy and quantification of ILC2s/CD45^high cells ratio 14 days after MCAO, with (24.6%, 54 cells) or without (2.0%, 9 cells) IL2–JES6-1 treatment (n = 3 for PBS group, n = 4 for IL2–JES6-1-treated group), analyzed by two-sided, unpaired Student’s t test. All data represent biological replicates from two independent experiments. *P = 0.0397. (F) A comparison of tissue reparative potential of each cell type evaluated by AUCell. NK, nature killer cell; DC, dendritic cell; pDC, plasmacytoid dendritic cell. (G) Reactome pathway enrichment results of DEGs of ILC2s, compared with other CD45^high immune cells. The pie chart above indicates the total hits of DEGs involved in Reactome terms. The lower bubble plot shows 10 top pathways enriched. (H) Experimental design for ILC2s extraction, purification, transferring, and tracing (created with https://BioRender.com). (I) Flow cytometry results showing purity of ILC2s after MACS and FACS. (J) Behavioral tests of MCAO mice after PBS treatment and ILC2s transfer (n = 8), analyzed by two-way ANOVA repeated measurement. Data are shown as line charts with error bars (SEM, median). **P = 0.0034; ****P < 0.0001.