Figure 1. Fascin and espin robustly bundle actin filaments. (A) Domain structure of fascin and the espin splice form used in this study (espin-4). Fascin has four tandem β-trefoil folds (β-T) that form two ABS: ABS1 is formed by β-T1 and β-T4, More about this image found in Fascin and espin robustly bundle actin filaments. (A) Domain structure of ...

Figure 2. Fascin and espin synergize in actin bundles formation. (A) Low-speed sedimentation assays show that together fascin and espin bundle more actin filaments than would be expected from the sum of their individual effects. A representative More about this image found in Fascin and espin synergize in actin bundles formation. (A) Low-speed sedim...

Figure 3. Mical robustly disassembles complex different protein-bundled F-actin structures. (A) Mical/NADPH disassembles espin-bundled F-actin. In low-speed pelleting assays, a majority of espin-bundled F-actin is present in the pellets (left). More about this image found in Mical robustly disassembles complex different protein-bundled F-actin struc...

Figure 4. Fascin and espin synergize to dampen Mical’s disassembly of F-actin. (A) Comparison of Mical’s effects on unbundled, fascin-bundled, espin-bundled, and fascin–espin co-bundled filaments. Representative pyrene-actin assay is shown. The More about this image found in Fascin and espin synergize to dampen Mical’s disassembly of F-actin. (A) C...

Figure 5. Cofilin affects espin, fascin, and espin–fascin co-bundled F-actin. (A and B) Light-scattering (A) and TIRFM (B) assays reveal that cofilin disassembles espin-bundled filaments and has a stronger effect on them than on fascin-bundled More about this image found in Cofilin affects espin, fascin, and espin–fascin co-bundled F-actin. (A and ...

Figure 6. Mical and cofilin synergize to disassemble fascin- and espin-bundled F-actin—but together fascin and espin function to increase bundles protection against this disassembly. (A) Representative light-scattering experiments (at λ = 325 More about this image found in Mical and cofilin synergize to disassemble fascin- and espin-bundled F-acti...

Figure 7. Biochemical mechanisms underlying Mical and cofilin’s synergy in disassembling complex F-actin bundles—and fascin and espin’s protection against this disassembly. (A) Mical, in the presence of its coenzyme NADPH, disassembles F-actin More about this image found in Biochemical mechanisms underlying Mical and cofilin’s synergy in disassembl...

Figure 8. Espin and fascin combine to help protect F-actin bundles against Mical-mediated disassembly and cellular remodeling in vivo. (A) Drosophila bristle cells contain bundled actin filaments (green) cross-linked with bundling proteins (espin More about this image found in Espin and fascin combine to help protect F-actin bundles against Mical-medi...

Figure 9. Summary and model: F-actin network stability and instability. (A) Summary. (1) Mical in the presence of its NADPH coenzyme (Mical activity) destabilizes unbundled, single protein (espin or fascin) bundled, and multi-protein (espin + More about this image found in Summary and model: F-actin network stability and instability. (A) Summary....

Figure 1. Drosophila melanogaster spermatogenesis and centromere assembly dynamics during meiosis. (A) GSCs divide asymmetrically generating a self-renewing GSC and a differentiating daughter cell called a GB. Four mitotic divisions with More about this image found in Drosophila melanogaster spermatogenesis and centromere ass...

Figure 2. Requirements of CID, CAL1, and CENP-C for their recruitment and stability in meiosis I. (A) Pupal testes stained with anti-CENP-C (green) and anti-CID (magenta) antibodies, and DAPI (blue). Representative images of early prophase I (S1 More about this image found in Requirements of CID, CAL1, and CENP-C for their recruitment and stability i...

Figure 3. Outer kinetochore recruitment and microtubule spindle assembly in CID, CAL1, and CENP-C RNAi. (A) Pupal testes stained with anti-Spc105 (green) and anti-CID (magenta) antibodies, and DAPI (blue). Representative images of prometaphase I More about this image found in Outer kinetochore recruitment and microtubule spindle assembly in CID, CAL1...

Figure 4. Meiotic chromosome missegregation and overall fertility in CID, CAL1, and CENP-C RNAi. (A) Schematic of the fluorescence in situ hybridization probes used to follow chromosome segregation through the meiotic divisions. Probes are More about this image found in Meiotic chromosome missegregation and overall fertility in CID, CAL1, and C...

Figure 5. Requirements for the second phase of CID assembly after meiosis II. (A) Pupal testes stained with anti-CENP-C (green) and anti-CID (magenta) antibodies, and DAPI (blue). Representative images of T5 spermatid nuclei from each of the More about this image found in Requirements for the second phase of CID assembly after meiosis II. (A) Pu...