Streptolysins S and O from hemolytic streptococci were found to induce mitochondrial swelling and the release of malic dehydrogenase from mitochondria; no other streptococcal products were as active. Mg++, cyanide, dinitrophenol, bovine serum albumin, and antimycin all inhibited streptolysin-induced mitochondrial swelling; only the latter two agents prevented release of malic dehydrogenase from the particles. The streptolysins also solubilized beta-glucuronidase from the less numerous lysosomes of mitochondrial fractions. Vitamin A induced swelling of mitochondria with release of malic dehydrogenase and, at higher concentrations, release of beta-glucuronidase. In these effects, streptolysin S and vitamin A resembled cysteine and ascorbate, which induced swelling and lysis of mitochondria together with solubilization of enzymes. In contrast, mitochondrial swelling induced by such agents as phosphate, thyroxine, or substrates was not accompanied by release of enzymes. The release of enzymes from particles is suggested as a criterion for distinguishing "lytic" agents from those which induce mitochondrial swelling dependent upon electron transport. It was possible to dissociate effects on mitochondria and lysosomes in these experiments; less streptolysin was necessary to damage lysosomes than mitochondria; the converse was found with vitamin A. Injury to mitochondria resulted from the direct action of these agents, since the lysosomal enzymes released as a consequence of their action were not capable of inducing mitochondrial swelling or release of enzymes under the conditions studied.
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1 July 1964
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July 01 1964
STUDIES ON LYSOSOMES : IV. Solubilization of Enzymes during Mitochondrial Swelling and Disruption of Lysosomes by Streptolysin S and Other Hemolytic Agents
Harold Keiser,
Harold Keiser
From the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
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Gerald Weissmann,
Gerald Weissmann
From the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
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Alan W. Bernheimer
Alan W. Bernheimer
From the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
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Harold Keiser
From the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
Gerald Weissmann
From the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
Alan W. Bernheimer
From the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
Received:
October 23 1963
Online ISSN: 1540-8140
Print ISSN: 0021-9525
Copyright © 1964 by The Rockefeller Institute Press
1964
J Cell Biol (1964) 22 (1): 101–113.
Article history
Received:
October 23 1963
Citation
Harold Keiser, Gerald Weissmann, Alan W. Bernheimer; STUDIES ON LYSOSOMES : IV. Solubilization of Enzymes during Mitochondrial Swelling and Disruption of Lysosomes by Streptolysin S and Other Hemolytic Agents . J Cell Biol 1 July 1964; 22 (1): 101–113. doi: https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.22.1.101
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