Most polyribosomes are found in spines during LTP (bottom dendrite).

Harris/Elsevier

Apparently, neurons, themselves the tools of learning, smartly synthesize proteins where they are needed. Two recent publications demonstrate that neurons are capable of localized translation in dendrites and in axons.

The first article, by Linnaea Ostroff, Kristen Harris, and colleagues (Boston University, Boston, MA), demonstrates that polyribosomes get redistributed to dendritic spines during long-term potentiation (LTP). LTP enhances synaptic responses and is currently thought to promote forms of learning and memory. Although the first phase of LTP is translation independent, sustained LTP is known to require new protein synthesis.

Harris's results indicate that the newly made proteins may not have to travel far. Using Star Wars–quality three-dimensional reconstructions of serial sections of neuronal tissue, the authors showed that synapse-containing dendritic protrusions known as spines accumulated polyribosomes when given an LTP-inducing stimulus. This gain was...

The Rockefeller University Press
2002
The Rockefeller University Press
2002
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