Organization of the Yeast Zip1 Protein within the Central Region of the Synaptonemal Complex

The yeast Zip1 protein is a component of the central region of the synaptonemal complex (SC). Zip1 is predicted to form an α-helical coiled coil, flanked by globular domains at the NH₂ and COOH termini. Immunogold labeling with domain-specific anti–Zip1 antibodies demonstrates that the NH₂-terminal domain of Zip1 is located in the middle of the central region of the SC, whereas the COOH-terminal domain is embedded in the lateral elements of the complex. Previous studies have shown that overproduction of Zip1 results in the assembly of two types of aggregates, polycomplexes and networks, that are unassociated with chromatin. Our epitope mapping data indicate that the organization of Zip1 within polycomplexes is similar to that of the SC, whereas the organization of Zip1 within networks is fundamentally different. Zip1 protein purified from bacteria assembles into dimers in vitro, and electron microscopic analysis demonstrates that the two monomers within a dimer are arranged in parallel and in register. Together, these results suggest that two Zip1 dimers, lying head-to-head, span the width of the SC.