Lysin is a 16-kD acrosomal protein used by abalone spermatozoa to create a hole in the egg vitelline envelope (VE) by a nonenzymatic mechanism. The crystal structure of the lysin monomer is known at 1.9 A resolution. The surface of the molecule reveals two tracks of basic residues running the length of one surface of the molecule and a patch of solvent-exposed hydrophobic residues on the opposite surface. Here we report that lysin dimerizes via interaction of the hydrophobic patches of monomers. Triton X-100 dissociates the dimer. The crystal structure of the dimer is described at 2.75 A resolution. Fluorescence energy transfer experiments show that the dimer has an approximate KD of 1 microM and that monomers exchange rapidly between dimers. Addition of isolated egg VE dissociates dimers, implicating monomers as the active species in the dissolution reaction. This work represents the first step in the elucidation of the mechanism by which lysin enables abalone spermatozoa to create a hole in the egg envelope during fertilization.
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1 September 1995
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September 01 1995
Crystal structure and subunit dynamics of the abalone sperm lysin dimer: egg envelopes dissociate dimers, the monomer is the active species.
A Shaw,
A Shaw
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037-1093, USA.
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P A Fortes,
P A Fortes
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037-1093, USA.
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C D Stout,
C D Stout
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037-1093, USA.
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V D Vacquier
V D Vacquier
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037-1093, USA.
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A Shaw
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037-1093, USA.
P A Fortes
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037-1093, USA.
C D Stout
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037-1093, USA.
V D Vacquier
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037-1093, USA.
Online ISSN: 1540-8140
Print ISSN: 0021-9525
J Cell Biol (1995) 130 (5): 1117–1125.
Citation
A Shaw, P A Fortes, C D Stout, V D Vacquier; Crystal structure and subunit dynamics of the abalone sperm lysin dimer: egg envelopes dissociate dimers, the monomer is the active species.. J Cell Biol 1 September 1995; 130 (5): 1117–1125. doi: https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.130.5.1117
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