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Published: 16 January 2018
, and renilla luciferase reporter for 24 h. Then, cells at 80% confluence was transfected with 0.5 or 1 µg/ml poly(I:C)/poly(dA:dT) or infected with SeV (MOI 1), VSV (MOI 0.1), or HCV (MOI 0.1) for 0 to ∼48 h, and subsequently the luciferase assay was performed. (B) Transcriptional levels of CTGF More about this image found in Viral infection induces YAP activation. (A) Luciferase activity of TEAD pr...
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Published: 31 May 2018
Figure 6. Itraconazole treatment of CRC cell lines demonstrates treatment is effective in CCS1 cell lines and eliminates dormant cells. (A) Live cell confluence graphs of six CRC cell lines grown in 2D showing a dose-dependent effect in response to itraconazole More about this image found in Itraconazole treatment of CRC cell lines demonstrates treatment is effectiv...
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Published: 17 November 2008
Figure 1. VE-PTP redistributes from an endosomal recycling compartment to endothelial cell contacts with increasing cell confluence. (A) Indirect immunofluorescence staining of mouse bEnd.3 endothelioma of increasing cell confluence (days after seeding are indicated) with an mAb against VE-PTP More about this image found in VE-PTP redistributes from an endosomal recycling compartment to endothelial...
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Published: 05 September 2000
Figure 8 Regulation of MIP-3α production by epithelial cells in response to inflammatory cytokines or T cell signals. (A) Two renal carcinoma cell lines, CHA and VER, were seeded at 1–2 × 104 cells/ml, and after 1–3 d of culture (80% confluence), cells were either activated by IL-1α More about this image found in Regulation of MIP-3α production by epithelial cells in response to inflamma...
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Published: 03 January 2000
Figure 7 NFATp−/− cartilage cells show loss of contact-induced growth inhibition. Varying numbers of wt or NFATp−/− cartilage cells were plated, and cell division was monitored. Cell division continued even in cells that had reached confluency. Figure 7. NFATp−/− cartilage More about this image found in NFATp−/− cartilage cells show loss of contact-induced growth inh...
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Published: 17 November 2008
Figure 2. VE-PTP association with VE-cadherin increases with endothelial cell confluence and association occurs in vivo. bEnd.3 cells (A) and HUVECs (B) of increasing cell confluence (days after seeding are indicated above) were subjected to immunoprecipitations for VE-PTP (or human homologue More about this image found in VE-PTP association with VE-cadherin increases with endothelial cell conflue...
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Published: 07 December 2015
Figure 6. COMP-Ang1 and AKB-9778 both stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of Tie-2, but only Comp-Ang1 redistributes Tie-2 to EC contacts. HUVECs were grown at low confluence (1.5 × 104 cells/cm2; A) and at high confluence (7 × 104 cells/cm2; B More about this image found in COMP-Ang1 and AKB-9778 both stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of Tie-2, bu...
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Published: 31 May 2018
. (2013) dataset. ***, P < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA; ns, not significant. (H) Live cell confluence graph of the response of SW948 cells to Gant-61 treatment. (I) Live cell confluence measurements of the response of SW948 cells to itraconazole in the presence of siSuFu. Figure 7. Itraconazole More about this image found in Itraconazole treatment inhibits Wnt signaling. (A) GO pathway analysis of ...
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Tetracyclines exacerbate the activation of the ISR and affect the viability of multiple drug–tolerant states. (A) Cell growth (measured as percentage of cell confluency) of MM034 (BRAF mutant, proliferative), MM165 (NRAS mutant, invasive), MM383 (BRAF mutant, NCSC-like), and WM852 (NRAS mutant, NCSC-like) cell lines upon exposure to increasing concentrations of tigecycline for 72 h. Data are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. ****, P &lt; 0.0001 by Dunnett’s test. (B) Cell growth (measured as percentage of cell confluency) of MM099 (BRAF-mutant, invasive), MM165 (NRAS mutant, invasive), MM383 (BRAF-mutant, NCSC-like), and WM852 (NRAS mutant, NCSC-like) cell lines upon exposure to increasing concentrations of doxycycline for 72 h. Data are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. ***, P &lt; 0.001; ****, P &lt; 0.0001 by Dunnett’s test. (C) Western blotting of a panel of different melanoma cell lines treated with DMSO (Ctrl), DT (20 and 4 nM, respectively), DTT (20 nM, 4 nM, and 20 µM respectively), tigecycline (Tige, 20 µM), or doxycycline (Doxy, 20 µM) for 72 h. Representative image of three independent experiments.
Published: 21 July 2021
Figure 2. Tetracyclines exacerbate the activation of the ISR and affect the viability of multiple drug–tolerant states. (A) Cell growth (measured as percentage of cell confluency) of MM034 (BRAF mutant, proliferative), MM165 (NRAS mutant, invasive), MM383 (BRAF mutant More about this image found in Tetracyclines exacerbate the activation of the ISR and affect the viability...
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Published: 30 April 2001
Figure 4 Functional role of ITF peptide on barrier function. In a, Caco-2 cells were grown to electrical confluence on polycarbonate supports. Anti-ITF immune serum at indicated concentrations or control anti-CREB (1:100) was added to the apical well of the support. Cells were exposed More about this image found in Functional role of ITF peptide on barrier function. In a, Caco-2 cells were...
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Elevated c-MYC expression does not prevent P/CQ-mediated cell cycle arrest. (A) Panc 10.05, PDX220, and MIA-PaCa2 cells were imaged to assess confluence over time using the IncuCyte Live-Cell Analysis System after treatment with palbociclib (P), CQ, or the combination of both agents (P/CQ). Data represent mean values, and error bars reflect SD of one experiment (n = 3). One-way ANOVA was conducted to determine statistical difference between the single agent controls (CDK4/6 inhibitor or CQ) and the combination group. *, P &lt; 0.05; **, P &lt; 0.01; ***, P &lt; 0.001. (B) MIA-PaCa2 cells were treated with ribociclib (Ribo) or abemaciclib (Abema) alone or in combination with CQ and confluence was measured over time. A one-way ANOVA was utilized to determine statistical significance between the single agent controls and the combination group. The Ribo/CQ experiment was conducted twice (n = 2) and the Abema/CQ experiment was conducted once (n = 3). *, P &lt; 0.05; **, P &lt; 0.01; ***, P &lt; 0.001. (C) Representative images of MIA-PaCa2 cells shown by phase contrast (top) and the corresponding cell mask utilized to estimate well confluence (bottom) for each treatment at 48 h. Bars are 300 μm. (D) Average percentage of cells in S phase for Tet-On c-MYC–expressing Panc 10.05, HPAF-II, and PDX220 cells that were treated for 7 d with DMSO (Ctrl); 2 μg/ml Dox; 5–10 μM CQ and 2.5 μM palbociclib (P/CQ); or D/P/CQ. Control and Dox-treated sample percentages are continued from Fig. 3 B; experiments were performed at the same time as P/CQ- and D/P/CQ-treated samples (n = 3 from two independent experiments, mean ± SEM). *, P &lt; 0.05; **, P &lt; 0.01; ns, not significant by Student’s two-sided t test. (E) Immunoblot analysis of lysates generated from Tet-On c-MYC–expressing cells that were treated for 7 d with DMSO (Ctrl), 2 μg/ml Dox (D), 5–10 μM CQ, 2.5 μM palbociclib (P), or the indicated combinations (representative blots from two independent experiments). Lysates were blotted for c-MYC, pRB (phospho-S807/811), RB, CCNB1, CCNA2, and ACTB. Densitometry quantitation of c-MYC and pRB protein levels normalized to actin are shown. Source data are available for this figure: SourceData F5.
Published: 31 January 2023
Figure 5. Elevated c-MYC expression does not prevent P/CQ-mediated cell cycle arrest. (A) Panc 10.05, PDX220, and MIA-PaCa2 cells were imaged to assess confluence over time using the IncuCyte Live-Cell Analysis System after treatment with palbociclib (P), CQ, or the combination of both agents More about this image found in Elevated c-MYC expression does not prevent P/CQ-mediated cell cycle arrest....
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Published: 17 September 2001
Figure 4 In vitro–cultured LECs contain caveolin and caveolae, and WP bodies. ECs were grown to confluence, fixed, labeled by indirect immunofluorescence for caveolin (A), or by a preembedding immunogold protocol for podoplanin (B). ECs express uniformly caveolin in a granular pattern More about this image found in In vitro–cultured LECs contain caveolin and caveolae, and WP bodies. ECs we...
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MLV drainage from the rostral CAV. (A) Schematic of veins of the ventral forebrain and olfactory bulbs (OB). (B–O) Dashed lines indicate the level of coronal sections shown in B–O, and lymphatics are numbered 4–6. Black circles, optic nerve foramen (of); anterior lacerated foramen (alf). abv, anterior basal vein; iophv, internal ophthalmic vein; IOS, inferior olfactory sinus; olfev, olfactory emissary vein; ON, optic nerve (yellow); ophev, ophthalmic emissary vein; RCS, rostral confluence of sinuses; rrhv, rostro-rhinal vein; SOS, superior olfactory sinus. (B) vWF+ veins (blue) and tracer deposits (OVA-A555, magenta) in the iophv perivenous area and around the ophev at lymphatic uptake site 4. Dotted line, skull border. (C–G) LYVE1+ MLVs (green) and OVA-A555 (magenta) around the CAV at level 4 (green arrowheads). Th-Lb (B–F) or ICM (G) injections of OVA-A555 were performed 45 min before sacrifice. MLVs contact perisinusal OVA-A555 deposits (C). (D) Magnification of dotted frame in C. OVA-A555 is present within MLVs (white arrowheads). (E and F) Coronal (E) and sagittal (F) views of MLVs following the ophev toward the orbital cavity (orange arrows) and connecting ventrally to lymphatics of the nasopharynx (NP, white arrows). (G) Note similar labeling pattern to C; MLVs exit the skull through the alf and prolong along the ophev toward the orbital cavity. (H–K) Meningeal veins (vWF+, blue in H), lymphatic vasculature (LYVE1+, green in I–K), and tracer deposits (OVA-A555, magenta) on coronal (H–J) and sagittal (K) views at section level 5. (H) Tracer accumulated around the confluence of the olfev with the CAV (blue arrowheads). Stippled area, alf. (I–K) LYVE1+ MLVs follow the olfev to exit the skull toward the orbital cavity (orange arrows) and extend ventrally toward the NP (white arrows). OVA-A555 deposits were found in LYVE1+ MLVs (insets in I). Coronal (J) and sagittal (K) view of the orbital cavity. MLVs exit the skull toward the orbital cavity (orange arrows) and the NP (white arrows). (L–O) Rostral end of CAV at section level 6. (L) Tracer accumulated around the confluence of the IOS with the CAV (blue arrowheads). Green arrowheads, MLVs at the rostral end of CAV take up tracer (white in M). MLVs extend rostrally from the CAV along the IOS on the lateral side of each olfactory bulb (N and O, blue arrowhead). OE, olfactory epithelium. (P–S) Horizontal (P and Q) and sagittal (R and S) views of the anterior part of the head showing the IOS, SOS, and RCS. Dural veins (vWF+, blue in P), lymphatic vasculature (LYVE1+, green in Q–S), and tracer deposits (OVA-A555, magenta). (Q) MLVs connect the CAV with the RCS via the IOS and SOS. (R and S) OVA-A555 is accumulated around MLVs at the SOS (Q and R) and RCS (R and S) Scale bar: 300 μm (C–S).
Published: 01 July 2022
(alf). abv, anterior basal vein; iophv, internal ophthalmic vein; IOS, inferior olfactory sinus; olfev, olfactory emissary vein; ON, optic nerve (yellow); ophev, ophthalmic emissary vein; RCS, rostral confluence of sinuses; rrhv, rostro-rhinal vein; SOS, superior olfactory sinus. (B) vWF More about this image found in MLV drainage from the rostral CAV. (A) Schematic of veins of the ventral f...
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Tetracyclines restrain the growth of therapy-resistant melanomas. (A) Cell growth (measured as a percentage of cell confluency) of MM011 (NRAS mutant), UM 92.1 (GNAQ mutant, UM), and IGR37 (resistant to immunotherapy) cell lines upon exposure to increasing concentrations of tigecycline for 72 h. Data are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. *, P &lt; 0.05; ***, P &lt; 0.001; ****, P &lt; 0.0001 by Dunnett’s test. (B) Cell growth (measured as percentage of cell confluency) of cells described in A upon exposure to increasing concentrations of doxycycline for 72 h. Data are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. *, P &lt; 0.05; ***, P &lt; 0.001; ****, P &lt; 0.0001 by Dunnett’s test. (C) Tumor volume of cohorts of Mel-020 NRASQ61R PDX mice treated with vehicle (DMSO, n = 7) or tigecycline (n = 8). Data are mean ± SEM of different biological replicates. **, P &lt; 0.01 by two-way ANOVA. (D) Tumor volume of cohorts of Mel-083 (resistant to BRAFi + MEKi and anti–PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4) PDX mice treated with vehicle (DMSO, n = 2) or tigecycline (n = 4). Data are mean ± SEM of different biological replicates. ****, P &lt; 0.0001 by two-way ANOVA. (E) Tumor volume of cohorts of Mel-077 UM PDX mice treated with vehicle (DMSO, n = 4) or tigecycline (n = 5). Data are mean ± SEM of different biological replicates. ****, P &lt; 0.0001 by two-way ANOVA. (F) Tumor volume of cohorts of YUMMER 1.7 (BRAFV600E) mouse xenografts treated with α-PD-1 (n = 6), tigecycline (n = 6), a combination of the two (n = 6), or vehicle (n = 5). Data are mean ± SEM of different biological replicates. ****, P &lt; 0.0001 by two-way ANOVA with Geisser–Greenhouse correction.
Published: 21 July 2021
Figure 5. Tetracyclines restrain the growth of therapy-resistant melanomas. (A) Cell growth (measured as a percentage of cell confluency) of MM011 (NRAS mutant), UM 92.1 (GNAQ mutant, UM), and IGR37 (resistant to immunotherapy) cell lines upon exposure to increasing More about this image found in Tetracyclines restrain the growth of therapy-resistant melanomas. (A) Cell...
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Published: 02 November 1998
Figure 6 Saturation binding and Scatchard plot of 125I-ET1 in control and dexamethasone-treated HOC cultures. HOC were grown to 90% confluence and treated for 24 h with 100 nM dexamethasone. Control and treated cultures were incubated at 4°C for 2 h in serum-free medium containing 1.25 More about this image found in Saturation binding and Scatchard plot of 125I-ET1 in control and...
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Published: 17 September 2001
Figure 8 Chemokine secretion of isolated LECs and BECs. (A and B) LECs, but not BECs, secrete SLC/CCL21, but both EC types produce MIP-3α/CCL20 upon activation. EC subsets grown to confluence were exposed to EGF- and hydrocortisone-deficient medium (non-stim.) or to the same medium supplemented More about this image found in Chemokine secretion of isolated LECs and BECs. (A and B) LECs, but not BECs...
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Published: 05 May 1997
Figure 1 Adherence and internalization of pEXI by HeLa cells transfected with various CD66 antigens. All the cell lines were grown to confluence in 24well culture plates containing RPMI medium 1640 and were incubated with pEXI for 4.5 h. The adherent and intracellular E. coli were More about this image found in Adherence and internalization of pEXI by HeLa cells transfected with variou...
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Published: 26 July 2010
HMVEC-L. Cell lysates of HMVEC-L at 100% confluency and 50–70% confluency were used for Western blotting of FoxM1 expression. The experiment was performed three times with similar results. Figure 8. FoxM1 regulation of β-catenin transcription. (A) Schematic drawing of the 6-kb promoter region More about this image found in FoxM1 regulation of β-catenin transcription. (A) Schematic drawing of the ...
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Inhibition of LISRR enhances anti-melanoma immune responses. (A) Representative pictures of HLA-matched PBMCs (red) stimulated with IL-2 and cocultured with MM099 melanoma cell line upon LISRR KD using ASOs. Caspase-3+ cells are in green/yellow. (B) Efficiency of LISRR KD calculated by RT-qPCR and expressed as fold changes (FC) compared with Ctrl ASO. The dots in the histograms indicate the number of biological replicates (n = 3). *** indicating P ≤ 0.001 and ns values were calculated by one-way ANOVA. (C) Analysis of MM099 confluency (%) transfected with LISRR ASO, ASO control (Ctrl ASO), or not transfected (Mock) and cocultured with PBMCs stimulated with IL-2 only (n = 3). *P ≤ 0.05 and ** indicating P ≤ 0.01 were calculated by two-way ANOVA mixed effect. (D) Analysis of caspase-3 counts in MM099 transfected as indicated in A and cocultured with PBMCs stimulated with IL-2 only. **** indicating P ≤ 0.0001 was calculated by two-way ANOVA mixed effect. (E) Representative pictures of MM099 transfected with siRNAs against LISRR (siLISRR), nontargeting control (siControl), or not transfected (Mock) and cocultured with PBMCs (in red) stimulated with a T cell activating cocktail. Caspase-3+ cells are in green/yellow. (F) Efficiency of LISRR KD in experiment E, calculated by RT-qPCR and expressed as FC compared with Ctrl ASO. The dots in the histograms indicate the number of biological replicates (n = 3). *** indicating P ≤ 0.001 and *P ≤ 0.05 were calculated by one-way ANOVA. (G) MM099 confluency in the experiment in E. **** indicating P ≤ 0.0001 was calculated by two-way ANOVA mixed effect. (H) Caspase counts in the experiment in E. *P ≤ 0.05 and ** indicating P ≤ 0.01 were calculated by two-way ANOVA mixed effect. (I) Confocal images of MM099 and PBMCs cocultures in E (n = 3). In blue nuclei, CD4+ and CD8+ cells are in magenta and in yellow, respectively. (J) Quantification of confocal images from the experiment in I. Average counts of CD4+ and CD8+ per images per biological replicate are shown (n = 3). Statistics (ns) calculated by two-way ANOVA. (K) Ratio of CD8+/CD4+ cells from the experiment in I. Statistics (ns) calculated by t test. (L) Caspase counts in coculture of CD8+ cells with MM099 transfected as indicated in E and treated with α-PD1 (n = 3). *P ≤ 0.05 and ns were calculated by two-way ANOVA mixed effect analysis. (M) Caspase counts in coculture of CD4+ cells with MM099 transfected as indicated in E and treated with α-PD1 (n = 3). *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, and ****P ≤ 0.0001 were calculated by two-way ANOVA mixed effect analysis.
Published: 07 November 2025
confluency (%) transfected with LISRR ASO, ASO control (Ctrl ASO), or not transfected (Mock) and cocultured with PBMCs stimulated with IL-2 only (n = 3). *P ≤ 0.05 and ** indicating P ≤ 0.01 were calculated by two-way ANOVA mixed effect. (D) Analysis of caspase-3 counts in MM099 More about this image found in Inhibition of LISRR enhances anti-melanoma immune response...
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Hemicentin-1 deficiency effect on KIF organization. (A) HaCaT cells grown to 60% confluence on glass coverslips in 12 wells plates were downregulated for HMCN1 with a specific siRNA (siHMCN1) or with a control siRNA (siControl) and co-transfected with an empty vector (EV) or expression vectors encoding either, WT cDNA, or mutant (Mut) KRT14 cDNA carrying the c.373C&gt;T, p.Arg125Cys variant for 48 h at 37°C. The cells were stained for KRT14 expression (red staining) and DAPI (blue staining) (the experiment was repeated two times). Cells were visualized by confocal microscopy. Note protein aggregates in cells transfected with the mutant KRT14 as well as lower expression levels of K14 in siHMCN1-transfected cells (scale bar = 10 μm). (B) K14 KIF fluorescence intensity per cell was measured using ImageJ, analyzing four different zones for each condition. Statistical analysis was performed by t test (***P &lt; 0.005; ****P &lt; 0.001).
Published: 20 February 2025
Figure 5. Hemicentin-1 deficiency effect on KIF organization. (A) HaCaT cells grown to 60% confluence on glass coverslips in 12 wells plates were downregulated for HMCN1 with a specific siRNA (siHMCN1) or with a control siRNA (siControl) and co-transfected with an empty vector (EV More about this image found in Hemicentin-1 deficiency effect on KIF organization. (A) HaCaT cells grown ...

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