Class switch recombination was the last of the lymphocyte-specific DNA modification reactions to appear in the evolution of the adaptive immune system. It is absent in cartilaginous and bony fish, and it is common to all tetrapods. Class switching is initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), an enzyme expressed in cartilaginous and bony fish that is also required for somatic hypermutation. Fish AID differs from orthologs found in tetrapods in several respects, including its catalytic domain and carboxy-terminal region, both of which are essential for the switching reaction. To determine whether evolution of class switch recombination required alterations in AID, we assayed AID from Japanese puffer and zebra fish for class-switching activity in mouse B cells. We find that fish AID catalyzes class switch recombination in mammalian B cells. Thus, AID had the potential to catalyze this reaction before the teleost and tetrapod lineages diverged, suggesting that the later appearance of a class-switching reaction was dependent on the evolution of switch regions and multiple constant regions in the IgH locus.
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19 September 2005
Brief Definitive Report|
September 12 2005
AID from bony fish catalyzes class switch recombination
Vasco M. Barreto,
Vasco M. Barreto
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
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Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom,
Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom
3Division of Clinical Immunology, F79, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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Yaofeng Zhao,
Yaofeng Zhao
3Division of Clinical Immunology, F79, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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Lennart Hammarstrom,
Lennart Hammarstrom
3Division of Clinical Immunology, F79, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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Ziva Misulovin,
Ziva Misulovin
2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
4Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
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Michel C. Nussenzweig
Michel C. Nussenzweig
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
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Vasco M. Barreto
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom
3Division of Clinical Immunology, F79, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
Yaofeng Zhao
3Division of Clinical Immunology, F79, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
Lennart Hammarstrom
3Division of Clinical Immunology, F79, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
Ziva Misulovin
2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
4Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
Michel C. Nussenzweig
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
CORRESPONDENCE Michel C. Nussenzweig: [email protected]
Received:
July 11 2005
Accepted:
August 12 2005
Online ISSN: 1540-9538
Print ISSN: 0022-1007
The Rockefeller University Press
2005
J Exp Med (2005) 202 (6): 733–738.
Article history
Received:
July 11 2005
Accepted:
August 12 2005
Citation
Vasco M. Barreto, Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom, Yaofeng Zhao, Lennart Hammarstrom, Ziva Misulovin, Michel C. Nussenzweig; AID from bony fish catalyzes class switch recombination . J Exp Med 19 September 2005; 202 (6): 733–738. doi: https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20051378
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