A homozygous 24-bp deletion (Δ24) was found in the CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) of 11 out of 15 red-capped mangabeys (RCMs), Cercocebus torquatus torquatus, both in Africa and in an American zoo. The CCR5 Δ24 defect encompassed eight amino acids in frame in the fourth transmembrane region. Unexpectedly, RCM-009, one of 11 homozygotes (Δ24CCR5/ Δ24CCR5), was found to be naturally infected with a divergent simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strain, which was not R5-tropic, but used CCR2b (R2b) as its major coreceptor. SIVrcmGab1 was the only R2b-tropic SIV among other divergent SIVs tested. Cells transfected with the Δ24 CCR5 did not support entry of R5-tropic SIVmac, SIVcpz, SIVmne, HIV-2, or HIV-1, and were also inactive in signal transduction mediated by β-chemokines. At 86.6%, the Δ24 allelic frequency was significantly higher than that of the 32-bp deletion found in humans. The Δ24 frequency was 4.1% in 34 sooty mangabeys (SMs), a geographically isolated subspecies that was naturally infected with R5-tropic SIV. Finding identical deletions in two mangabey subspecies separated for 10,000 years or more dates the Δ24 CCR5 deletion as ancient. However, the source of the selective pressure for the high rate of CCR5 deletion in RCMs remains to be determined. The high allelic frequency of the Δ24 CCR5 in RCMs, in comparison to that of SMs, suggests that R2b-tropism may have been acquired by SIVrcm, as an adaptation to CCR5 genetic defects appeared in its host.
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7 December 1998
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December 07 1998
Natural Infection of a Homozygous Δ24 CCR5 Red-capped Mangabey with an R2b-Tropic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
Zhiwei Chen,
Zhiwei Chen
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Douglas Kwon,
Douglas Kwon
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Zhanqun Jin,
Zhanqun Jin
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Simon Monard,
Simon Monard
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Paul Telfer,
Paul Telfer
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Morris S. Jones,
Morris S. Jones
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Chang Y. Lu,
Chang Y. Lu
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Roberto F. Aguilar,
Roberto F. Aguilar
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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David D. Ho,
David D. Ho
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Preston A. Marx
Preston A. Marx
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
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Zhiwei Chen
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Douglas Kwon
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Zhanqun Jin
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Simon Monard
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Paul Telfer
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Morris S. Jones
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Chang Y. Lu
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Roberto F. Aguilar
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
David D. Ho
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Preston A. Marx
From the *Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; the ‡Department of Anthropology and the §Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016; ‖Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville, Gabon; the ¶Audubon Park Zoo, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; and the **Department of Tropical Medicine and Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433
Address correspondence to Preston A. Marx, Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, 18703 Three Rivers Rd., Covington, LA 70433. Phone: 504-892-2040; Fax: 504-893-1352; E-mail: [email protected]
Received:
June 18 1998
Revision Received:
September 24 1998
Online ISSN: 1540-9538
Print ISSN: 0022-1007
1998
J Exp Med (1998) 188 (11): 2057–2065.
Article history
Received:
June 18 1998
Revision Received:
September 24 1998
Citation
Zhiwei Chen, Douglas Kwon, Zhanqun Jin, Simon Monard, Paul Telfer, Morris S. Jones, Chang Y. Lu, Roberto F. Aguilar, David D. Ho, Preston A. Marx; Natural Infection of a Homozygous Δ24 CCR5 Red-capped Mangabey with an R2b-Tropic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus . J Exp Med 7 December 1998; 188 (11): 2057–2065. doi: https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.188.11.2057
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