Two types of sugar-binding protein in the labellum of the fly. Putative taste receptor molecules for sweetness.

Flies have taste cells specifically sensitive to sweetness. It has been suggested that the cells possess two types of receptor sites covering the receptive field of sweetness. By affinity electrophoresis with the site-specific inhibitory polysaccharides, two types of sugar-binding protein were isolated from the labellar extract of the blowfly. These proteins showed consistent sugar-binding specificities and affinities with the two types of receptor sites for sweetness, respectively. The dissociation constant of the protein-sugar complex varies 100-400 mM and the molecular weight of one type of the protein is 27,000, while that of the other is 31,000 or 32,000. Both proteins were water insoluble and were also detected in the isolated chemosensilla. Thus they are probably located on the taste receptor membrane, and the proteins are likely to act as the taste receptor molecules for sweetness in the fly.