Panel A shows a timeline schematic of mouse inoculation, co housing, and nose dip sampling through day 47; Panel B shows a line graph of log10 flux over days post exposure for three vaccination groups; Panel C shows a line graph of log10 plaque forming units per milliliter across days post exposure; Panel D shows four dot plots comparing viral titers among vaccination groups at four post exposure timepoints; Panel E shows a scatter plot correlating log10 plaque forming units per milliliter with log10 flux, with R squared equals 0.82.
Vaccine-induced CD8 TRM reduce the susceptibility and magnitude of infection following transmission. (A) Experimental schematic where contact mice immunized i.n. with LAIV-WT, LAIV-SenNP, or Ad-SenNP were co-housed with a Sendai-Luc–infected index mouse, and transmission was assessed by in vivo imaging and nasal shedding titers. (B) Bioluminescence curves of LAIV-WT, LAIV-SenNP, and Ad-SenNP contact mice (n = 14–16 per group) following co-housing with index mice. (C) Nasal shedding kinetics curves of immunized contact mice. (D) Nasal shedding titers of immunized contact mice at 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after co-housing. (E) Correlation of nasal shedding titers with bioluminescent flux. For B and C, solid dark lines represent means, solid pale lines represent individual mice, dashed grey lines represent the limit of detection, and dashed red lines represent the threshold of infection. Error bars (B and C) represent 95% binomial confidence intervals or standard deviation (D). All data are combined from at least two independent replicates. Statistical significance was determined using a two-sided Mann–Whitney test with **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, and NS for not significant.