The CT scan and histological image are side-by-side, while the flow cytometry graphs are separate. The CT scan and histological image provide visual evidence of medical conditions, while the flow cytometry graphs analyze immune cell responses. The CT scan shows hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, highlighted by yellow arrows. The histological image shows tissue under a microscope. The flow cytometry graphs display the levels of total and phospho-Stat1 in CD4 plus T cells, CD19 plus B cells, and CD14 plus Monocytes under different conditions. Panel A shows a CT scan of the abdomen with yellow arrows indicating areas of interest. Panel B shows a histological image of tissue under a microscope. Panel C shows flow cytometry histograms for total Stat1 levels in CD4 plus T cells, CD19 plus B cells, and CD14 plus Monocytes. The histograms compare isotype control, healthy control, and patient samples. Panel D shows flow cytometry histograms for phospho-Stat1 levels in the same cell types after treatment with IFN-alpha. Panel E shows flow cytometry histograms for phospho-Stat1 levels in the same cell types after treatment with IFN-gamma. Each histogram includes geometric mean fluorescence intensity (gMFI) values for each condition.
CT abdomen/pelvis showing hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, histology from the bone marrow biopsy showing sheets of histiocytes and decreased hematopoiesis, and elevated total and phospho-STAT1 levels in our patient’s T and B lymphocytes and monocytes, especially the T lymphocytes. (A) CT of abdomen demonstrated hepatomegaly (25 cm in the craniocaudal imension) (left arrow), splenomegaly (22 cm craniocaudal dimension) (right arrow), and massive lymphadenopathy around the aorta (with a conglomerate measuring 71 × 94 mm in upper central mesentery encasing the abdominal aorta) (brackets). (B) Bone marrow biopsy H&E section (400× magnification) revealed sheets of histiocytes characterized by abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and round to oval nuclei. There is a markedly decreased presence of normal hematopoiesis. (C) Flow cytometry showed patient cells had higher levels of total STAT1 than controls in all cells tested, including CD4+ T cells, CD19+ B cells, and CD14+ monocytes (representative of three experiments from PBMC collected at different time points). (D) IFN-α stimulation found that patient cells had higher levels of phospho-Stat1 than controls. This was especially pronounced in CD4+ T cells. Results representative of three experiments from PBMC collected at different time points. (E) IFN-γ stimulation found that patient cells had higher levels of phospho-Stat1 than controls. This was especially pronounced in CD4+ T cells. Results representative of three experiments from PBMC collected at different time points.