Panel A shows a principal component analysis plot comparing EV, EV plus IL-2, 1G12t, and 3A10t samples. Panel B shows Venn diagrams comparing overlapping upregulated and downregulated differentially expressed genes among treatment groups. Panel C shows volcano plots of differentially expressed genes for EV plus IL-2, 3A10t, and 1G12t. Panel D shows a heat map of RNA expression for genes involved in signalling, metabolism, and suppression. Panel E shows a bubble plot comparing enriched biological pathways between EV plus IL-2 and 3A10t groups.
RNA-seq analysis of engineered Tregs. (A) PC analysis of RNA-seq data of Treg cells expressing EV with or without IL-2, and Tregs expressing 1G12t or 3A10t. (B) Venn diagrams showing overlap of upregulated (left) and downregulated (right) genes in EV+IL-2, 1G12t and 3A10t Tregs when compared with EV without IL-2 samples. (C) Volcano plots of DEGs in EV+IL-2 (top), 3A10t (middle), and 1G12t (bottom) Tregs when compared with EV. Horizontal dashed lines indicate P value of 0.01. Please refer to Data S1 for a complete list of DE genes. (D) Heatmap displaying expression of selected genes in EV, EV+IL-2, 1G12t, and 3A10t Tregs, grouped by pathways. (E) Gene Ontology (GO) pathway analysis showing the top five featured pathways among genes significantly upregulated in EV+IL-2 and 3A10t Tregs. The plot depicts the adjusted P values of DEGs in each pathway with circle size indicating the gene ratio of DEGs within the pathway. Source data are available for this figure: SourceData F5.