The autocrine IL-2 signaling in engineered Tregs, where the engineered Treg has a specific ortho IL-2-IL-2R interaction, while neighboring cells have wild-type IL-2R. The prevention of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice, with a bar graph showing the percentage of diabetes incidence in different groups: no Treg, wild-type Treg, and orthoIL-2-IL-2R Treg. The graph indicates a lower percentage of diabetes in the orthoIL-2-IL-2R Treg group. The in vivo survival without IL-2 in NSG mice, with a bar graph showing cell recovery rates, indicating higher recovery in the engineered Treg group. The selective expression in Tregs, showing that Foxp3-positive Tregs express the engineered IL-2-IL-2R, while Foxp3-negative cells do not.