Figure 1.
The symptoms are: 1. Sinusitis, otitis media, or pneumonia more than twice a year. 2. Persistent cough, uncontrolled asthma, or bronchiectasis. 3. Persistent lymphadenopathy. 4. Frequent and severe diarrhea lasting more than 4 weeks. 5. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. 6. Autoimmune or autoinflammatory conditions, particularly those with early childhood onset and multiple symptoms. 7. Frequent and treatment-resistant herpesvirus infections, particularly chronic CMV and EBV infections. 8. Short stature or developmental cognitive impairment. 9. Personal and family history of malignant lymphoma. 10. Family history of primary immunodeficiency disorders or common variable immunodeficiency. Arrows connect each symptom around the circle, indicating their interrelation.
10 warning signs of APDS. APDS is suspected if two or more of the symptoms are present.