Figure 9.
Cell volume control mechanisms regulate inflammation in a murine model of hyperinflammation. (A) Schematic of the murine model of CpG-induced hyperinflammation. CpG-DNA (2 mg kg−1), or PBS, was administered by i.p. injection on days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 9. On day 10, tissues were taken and hyperinflammatory disease was assessed by hepatosplenomegaly, hyperferritinemia, and cytokine storm. (B) Body weight of WT and VRACCx3cr1-KO mice (VRAC KO) treated with PBS or CpG-DNA expressed as a percentage of day 0 (n = 5–7). (C) Body weight at day 10 from B (n = 5–7). (D) Splenic weight normalized to body weight (n = 5–7). (E) Liver weight normalized to body weight (n = 4–5). (F) Plasma levels of ferritin (n = 5–7). (G–K) Plasma concentration of IFNγ (G), IL-18 (H), TNF (I), IL-6 (J), and IL-10 (K) (n = 5–7). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, determined by a two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s post hoc analysis. Values shown are the mean ± the SEM. Refer to the image caption for details. Panel A shows a schematic of the experimental timeline for CpG-DNA or PBS administration. Panel B is a line graph showing the body weight of WT and VRAC KO mice treated with PBS or CpG-DNA as a percentage of day 0, with the x-axis representing time in days and the y-axis representing body weight percentage. Panel C is a scatter bar plot showing body weight at day 10 from Panel B, with the x-axis representing treatment groups and the y-axis representing body weight percentage. Panel D is a scatter bar plot showing splenic weight normalized to body weight, with the x-axis representing treatment groups and the y-axis representing spleen/body weight ratio. Panel E is a scatter bar plot showing liver weight normalized to body weight, with the x-axis representing treatment groups and the y-axis representing liver/body weight ratio. Panel F is a scatter bar plot showing plasma levels of ferritin, with the x-axis representing treatment groups and the y-axis representing ferritin concentration in micrograms per milliliter. Panels G to K are scatter bar plots showing plasma concentrations of various cytokines (IFN gamma, IL-18, TNF, IL-6, and IL-10), with the x-axis representing treatment groups and the y-axis representing cytokine concentration in nanograms per milliliter. Each graph includes data points for WT and VRAC KO mice treated with PBS or CpG-DNA, with statistical significance indicated by asterisks.

Cell volume control mechanisms regulate inflammation in a murine model of hyperinflammation. (A) Schematic of the murine model of CpG-induced hyperinflammation. CpG-DNA (2 mg kg−1), or PBS, was administered by i.p. injection on days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 9. On day 10, tissues were taken and hyperinflammatory disease was assessed by hepatosplenomegaly, hyperferritinemia, and cytokine storm. (B) Body weight of WT and VRACCx3cr1-KO mice (VRAC KO) treated with PBS or CpG-DNA expressed as a percentage of day 0 (n = 5–7). (C) Body weight at day 10 from B (n = 5–7). (D) Splenic weight normalized to body weight (n = 5–7). (E) Liver weight normalized to body weight (n = 4–5). (F) Plasma levels of ferritin (n = 5–7). (G–K) Plasma concentration of IFNγ (G), IL-18 (H), TNF (I), IL-6 (J), and IL-10 (K) (n = 5–7). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, determined by a two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s post hoc analysis. Values shown are the mean ± the SEM.

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