Zbtb32 transcriptionally regulates tumor-infiltrating CD8 ⁺ T cell function. (A) Schematic diagram of the co-transfer of 1.5 × 10⁵ WT and 1.5 × 10⁵Zbtb32^−/− naïve OT-I cells prior to 1 × 10⁶ B16-OVA inoculation (n = 6 for each group). (B) Representative FACS plots of TCF1 and Tim-3, IFNγ, and GzmB expression in WT and Zbtb32^−/− OT-I TILs. (C) Quantifications of the cell ratio and specific molecules of WT and Zbtb32^−/− OT-I TILs. (D) Heatmaps showing relative expressions of different signature genes in WT and Zbtb32^−/− OT-I TILs. (E) Volcanic plot showing expression levels of DEGs between WT and Zbtb32^−/− OT-I TILs. (F) Lists of top 20 KEGG biological pathways for DEGs that were downregulated in Zbtb32^−/− OT-I TILs. (G) GSEA analysis for comparing the enrichment DEGs in WT and Zbtb32^−/− OT-I TILs (GEO accession: GSE114631). (H) GSEA analysis for a comparison of the enrichment DEGs in T_pex and T_tex CD8⁺ T cell subsets in WT and Zbtb32^−/− OT-I TILs (GEO accession: GSE114631). Data are shown as means ± SEM; ns, not significant; **P < 0.01 and ****P < 0.0001 by paired two-tailed Student’s t test (C). Data shown are a representative of at least three independent experiments. NES, normalized enrichment score.