Loss of Zbtb32 inhibits the anti-tumor response of CD8 + T cells. (A) Tumor growth in WT and Zbtb32−/− mice after transplantation of 1 × 106 B16, E.G7, or MC38 cells (n = 6 for each group). (B) Tumor growth in WT and Zbtb32−/− mice depleted of CD4+, CD8+, or NK cells after transplantation of 0.5 × 106 B16 cells (n = 6 for each group). (C) Schematic diagram of the transfer of naïve OT-I or P14 cells. (D) Tumor growth in mice transplanted with 1 × 106 B16-OVA cells after the transfer of 0.3 × 106 naïve WT or Zbtb32−/− OT-I cells (n = 6 for each group). (E) Survival rates of mice transplanted with 1 × 106 B16-OVA cells after transfer of 0.3 × 106 naïve WT or Zbtb32−/− OT-I cells (n = 6 for each group). (F) Tumor growth and survival rate in mice transplanted with 1 × 106 MC38-GP33 cells after transfer of 0.5 × 106 naïve WT or Zbtb32−/− P14 cells (n = 5 for each group). (G) Survival rate of mice transplanted with 1 × 106 B16-OVA cells after transfer of 0.3 × 106 naïve WT or Zbtb32−/− OT-I cells (n = 5 for each group). (H) Tumor growth and survival rate in mice transplanted with 1 × 106 E.G7 cells after transfer of 1 × 106 naïve WT or Zbtb32−/− OT-I cells (n = 5 for each group). (I) The survival rate of mice transplanted with 1 × 106 MC38-GP33 cells after transfer of 0.5 × 106 naïve WT or Zbtb32−/− P14 cells (n = 5 for each group). (J) Representative FACS plots of the gating strategy (upper panel), TCF1 and Tim-3 (middle panel), and IFNγ and GzmB (lower panel) expressions in WT and Zbtb32−/− OT-I TILs in B16-OVA TME. (K) Quantifications of cell number and specific molecules of WT and Zbtb32−/− OT-I TILs in B16-OVA TME (n = 5 for each group). Data are shown as means ± SEM, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001 by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test (K), Bonferroni-corrected two-way ANOVA (A, B, D, F, and H), and Mantel–Cox test (E, G, and I). Data shown in all graphs are a representative of two to three independent experiments.