Endogenous TDP-43 and VPS4A interact. TDP-43 was immunoprecipitated in HEK293A cells in the presence or absence of CHQ treatment and/or NEDD4 knockdown, and interactions with VPS4A and NEDD4 were probed. Quantification on the right indicates VPS4A and NEDD4 pulldown under different conditions. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01 by Welch’s two-tailed T test. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Source data are available for this figure: SourceData FS3.