Effect of LIS1 inhibition on lyso/LE transport in neurons. Control hippocampal and neocortical neurons exhibited rapid lysos/LEs mostly in the retrograde direction. LIS1 inhibition specifically and potently blocked movement of large lysos/LEs, especially at axonal bends and branch points, with little effect on the smaller vesicular transport. These effects were not observed in nonneuronal cells, which is consistent with a role for LIS1 in transport under higher resistance conditions. Red dots indicate lyso/LE particles. Blue arrows indicate transport directions.