Figure 5.
Figure 5. GDNF stimulates migration of embryonic mouse cortical neurons via syndecan-3. (A) E15 cortical neurons in a modified Boyden chamber migrate toward wtGDNF (squares) but not toward ΔN-GDNF (triangles). Cortical neurons from syndecan-3–deficient mice (circles) migrate toward GDNF less efficiently than wild-type neurons. Error bars show SEM from three independent experiments. (B) Adult syndecan-3–deficient mice have less GABAergic neurons in the cerebral cortex. GABAergic cell density is significantly smaller in the most dorsal parts of the cortex (dmc) in syndecan-3 knockout brains (gray bar) compared with wild type (black bar). The cell density is almost identical to the wild type in the most lateral parts of the cortex (dlc and lc). dmc, dorsomedial cortex; dlc, dorsolateral cortex; and lc, lateral cortex. Error bars show SEM. (A and B) *, P < 0.05. (C) A schematic presentation shows the cortical areas where the density measurements were made. Arrows show the tangential migration route in E15 mice. The dotted line separates the schemes of an adult and E15 brain. lge, lateral ganglionic eminence; mge, medial ganglionic eminence; ve, ventricle; and hi, hippocampus. (D) Assay for redirected migration assay of GABAergic neurons. (top) GDNF attracts embryonic (E12.5) calbindin-positive neurons in living brain explants from wild-type (syndecan-3+/+) mice but not from syndecan-3 knockout explants (syndecan-3−/−). BSA fails to attract neurons. Bar, 200 µM. (bottom) The scheme of neuronal migration in the mouse brain of E12.5 (modified from Marín and Rubenstein, 2003). The explants were prepared from the area marked by the gray oval. Agarose beads soaked in various proteins were placed on top of the ventricular zone to stimulate neuronal migration. (E) Quantification of the migration assay. GDNF attracts GABAergic neurons from wild-type living explants (syndecan-3+/+) but fails to do so in syndecan-3–deficient explants (syndecan-3−/−). Neither ΔN-GDNF nor BSA attracted neurons. For the evaluation of GABAergic neurons in syndecan-3−/− animals, six mice (12 brain slices) were processed. For the measurements in syndecan-3+/+ animals, the brains from six mice (18 brain slices) were processed. Error bars show SEM (*, P < 0.01).

GDNF stimulates migration of embryonic mouse cortical neurons via syndecan-3. (A) E15 cortical neurons in a modified Boyden chamber migrate toward wtGDNF (squares) but not toward ΔN-GDNF (triangles). Cortical neurons from syndecan-3–deficient mice (circles) migrate toward GDNF less efficiently than wild-type neurons. Error bars show SEM from three independent experiments. (B) Adult syndecan-3–deficient mice have less GABAergic neurons in the cerebral cortex. GABAergic cell density is significantly smaller in the most dorsal parts of the cortex (dmc) in syndecan-3 knockout brains (gray bar) compared with wild type (black bar). The cell density is almost identical to the wild type in the most lateral parts of the cortex (dlc and lc). dmc, dorsomedial cortex; dlc, dorsolateral cortex; and lc, lateral cortex. Error bars show SEM. (A and B) *, P < 0.05. (C) A schematic presentation shows the cortical areas where the density measurements were made. Arrows show the tangential migration route in E15 mice. The dotted line separates the schemes of an adult and E15 brain. lge, lateral ganglionic eminence; mge, medial ganglionic eminence; ve, ventricle; and hi, hippocampus. (D) Assay for redirected migration assay of GABAergic neurons. (top) GDNF attracts embryonic (E12.5) calbindin-positive neurons in living brain explants from wild-type (syndecan-3+/+) mice but not from syndecan-3 knockout explants (syndecan-3−/−). BSA fails to attract neurons. Bar, 200 µM. (bottom) The scheme of neuronal migration in the mouse brain of E12.5 (modified from Marín and Rubenstein, 2003). The explants were prepared from the area marked by the gray oval. Agarose beads soaked in various proteins were placed on top of the ventricular zone to stimulate neuronal migration. (E) Quantification of the migration assay. GDNF attracts GABAergic neurons from wild-type living explants (syndecan-3+/+) but fails to do so in syndecan-3–deficient explants (syndecan-3−/−). Neither ΔN-GDNF nor BSA attracted neurons. For the evaluation of GABAergic neurons in syndecan-3−/− animals, six mice (12 brain slices) were processed. For the measurements in syndecan-3+/+ animals, the brains from six mice (18 brain slices) were processed. Error bars show SEM (*, P < 0.01).

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal