Activation of integrin-linked kinase 1 (ILK-1) is required for BMP-2–mediated hPASMC motility. (A) ILK-1 kinase assay was performed as described in Materials and methods with GSK3β as the substrate on cells incubated in the presence (right) or absence (left) of 5 µg/ml CS-1. (B and C) Motility in hPASMCs exposed to CS-1 (B) or transfected with either scrambled (SC) or ILK-1–specific siRNA (C) and exposed to 10 ng/ml BMP-2 was measured using the Boyden assay. (D) Levels of active RhoA and Rac1 were measured as described in Materials and methods. Densitometry values are shown relative to total RhoA and Rac1 in whole cell lysates, which were run in different gels. Bars represent means ± SEM from n = 3. In A, *, P < 0.01; and ***, P < 0.0001 were determined using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s. In B and C, **, P < 0.001; and ***, P < 0.001 versus baseline; and ^##, P < 0.001; and ^###, P < 0.0001 versus respective scrambled siRNA control using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s. In D, *, P < 0.01; and ***, P < 0.0001 versus time 0 were determined using an unpaired t test. CON, control.