Knockdown of either Ncad or Pcdh19 abolishes calcium-dependent cell adhesion in Zem2S cells. (A–C) Zem2S cells in the absence of calcium. Cells were mock scrape loaded (A) or loaded with ncad morpholino (B) or pcdh19 morpholino (C). (D–F) Zem2S cells in the presence of calcium. Cells were mock scrape loaded (D) or loaded with ncad morpholino (E) or pcdh19 morpholino (F). Bar, 100 µm. (G) The distribution of aggregate sizes for each experimental condition. (H) The ratio of mean aggregate size in the presence and absence of calcium provides a measure of calcium-dependent cell adhesion for mock (7.6 ± 0.6; n = 3), ncadMO (1.1 ± 0.3; n = 3), and pcdh19MO (1.4 ± 0.2; n = 3). Error bars represent SEM.