Overexpression of hPLS3 improves profilin levels and its phosphorylation in Smn-deficient axon terminals. (A) LV-mCh and LV-hPLS3 transduced control and Smn^−/−;SMN2 growth cones stained against profilin (gray) and F-actin (Phalloidin, yellow). Normalized mean gray values of profilin (N = 3, n = 110; ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis, **P ≤ 0.01; ****P ≤ 0.0001). (B) Unstimulated or 15 min BDNF stimulated growth cones from control and Smn^−/−;SMN2 motoneurons transduced with LV-mCh and LV-hPLS3 stained against p-profilin (gray) and F-actin (Phalloidin, yellow). Normalized mean gray values of p-profilin (N = 3, n = 105; ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis, ****P ≤ 0.0001). (C) Control and Smn^−/−;SMN2 growth cones stained against cofilin (gray) and F-actin (Phalloidin, yellow). Normalized mean gray values of cofilin (N = 3, n = 90; U-Mann–Whitney). (D) Control and Smn^−/−;SMN2 growth cones stained against myosin VI (gray) and F-actin (Phalloidin, yellow). Normalized mean gray values of myosin VI (N = 3, n = 100; U-Mann–Whitney). Data are presented as scatter dot plot with bar. Bars represent the mean ± SEM. Scale bars: 5 µm.