wdr-60 mutants have reduced dynein-2 recruitment and incorporation into cilia, accompanied by impaired retrograde IFT. (A) Phasmid cilia coexpressing GFP::CHE-3 and XBX-1::RFP. (B) Cilia length in wdr-60 mutants (n ≥ 24 cilia). (C and D) Total signal intensity of GFP::CHE-3 from the base to the tip of cilia (C) and relative distribution of GFP::CHE-3 along cilia (D; n ≥ 88 cilia). (E) GFP::CHE-3 kymographs of phasmid cilia of the indicated strains. Single and merge channels for particles moving anterogradely and retrogradely are shown. (F) Frequency of IFT particles detected at the distal segment of cilia (n ≥ 20 cilia). (G) Quantification of the average intensity of GFP::CHE-3 particles moving on anterograde and retrograde tracks (n ≥ 345 particle traces were analyzed in ≥23 cilia). (H) Velocity of anterograde and retrograde GFP::CHE-3 particles in control and wdr-60 mutants (n ≥ 300 particle traces were analyzed in ≥20 cilia). XY intensity distribution graph is shown as mean ± SEM, and graphs in columns are shown as mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s, Holm–Sidak, and Games–Howell multiple comparison were used to analyze the datasets in B, F, and G, respectively. Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison were used to analyze the datasets in C and H. **, P ≤ 0.01; ****, P ≤ 0.0001. Scale bars: 2 µm (A); vertical 5 s, horizontal 2 µm (E).