Cryo-EM structure of large unilamellar vesicle–embedded VCC . (A) A representative cryo-EM raw micrograph shows VCC oligomers firmly attached to the asolectin-cholesterol liposomes. (B) Reference-free 2D class averages show the wheel-like top/bottom views and the membrane-embedded side views. Enlarged representation (top panel) of the side view of the protein shows a distinct transmembrane channel spanning two leaflets of membrane. Scale bar = 100 Å. (C) Top, side, and bottom views of a cryo-EM 3D reconstruction of bilayer-bound VCC. Lower panel shows the fitting of the atomic model of VCC into the top, side, and bottom views of the cryo-EM density map.