Fewer and larger chloroplasts in dek5 seedling leaf cells. (A) Representative dek5 seedlings. (B) Mean and standard deviation of seedling leaf photosynthetic pigments (n = 3 seedlings). (C) Immunoblots of photosynthetic subunits: Oxygen evolving complex 23-kD subunit (OEC23), Cyt f, and ATP synthase B (CF1-β). Histone 3 (H3) is a protein-loading control. Lanes have 5 µg of total leaf protein with dilutions for B73. (D) Mesophyll leaf protoplasts. Scale bars represent 10 µm. (E) Chloroplasts per protoplast from LCSM Z-stack imaging (n = 64 [dek5] and 60 [normal (N)] protoplasts). Error bars represent standard deviation. (F) Relative chloroplast volume from LCSM Z-stack imaging (n = 29 (dek5) and 29 (N) protoplasts). Error bars represent standard deviation. (G) Mean and standard error of protoplast yield with increased mannitol (n = 3 technical replicates). (H) dek5 protoplasts isolated in 0.8 M mannitol. Scale bars are 10 µm.