Phi opening allows NudF/LIS1 function to be partially bypassed. (A) A cartoon showing the phi-opening mutations (Zhang et al., 2017a) and a sequence alignment of corresponding dynein HC regions from human (H.s.) and A. nidulans (A.n.). (B) Colony phenotypes of phi-opening mutants and suppression of the ΔnudF growth defect by the phi-opening mutations at 32°C and 37°C. (C) GFP-dynein with nudAR1602E or nudAR1602E, K1645E accumulates at septa with early endosomes (mCherry-RabA), while GFP-dynein in the wild-type nudA background forms MT plus-end comets. Hyphal tips are indicated by arrowheads and septa by arrows. (D) Images of GFP-dynein and mCherry-RabA in ΔnudF and ΔnudF, nudAR1602E, K1645E strains. Note that GFP-dynein with nudAR1602E, K1645E is able to accumulate at septa with mCherry-RabA in the absence of NudF/LIS1. Bars, 5 µm.