Figure 4.

The sperm centrioles and organelles move with the sperm DNA. (A and B) Representative maximum intensity z projections of fixed control (A) or pfn-1(RNAi) (B) meiotic embryos stained with anti-tubulin, anti–SPD-2, and DAPI. White boxes on the merges denote the 10-µm area displayed in the inset. Ana II, anaphase II; Meta I, metaphase I. (C) Maximum intensity z projections of sperm in live meiotic embryos expressing GFP::ubiquitin and mCherry::histone (mch::histone) from a single time point after treatment with control(RNAi) or pfn-1(RNAi). (D) Maximum intensity z projections of live meiotic embryos expressing GFP::ubiquitin and mCherry::histone from a time-lapse sequence. (C and D) MS indicates a meiotic spindle. Arrowheads denote the sperm. (A–D) Bars: (whole embryo) 10 µm; (inset) 5 µm. (E) Measurements of distance between ubiquitin foci and cortex by meiotic stage from fixed GFP::ubiquitin embryos stained with anti-GFP. (F) Measurements of the maximum (Max.) diameter of the ubiquitin foci surrounding the sperm in fixed GFP::ubiquitin embryos stained with anti-GFP. (E and F) AI, anaphase I; AII, anaphase II, MI, metaphase I; MII, metaphase II. (G) Measurements of the maximum diameter of the ubiquitin foci surrounding the sperm in live GFP::ubiquitin, mCherry::histone-expressing embryos treated with control(RNAi) or pfn-1(RNAi), as represented in C. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001; two-tailed t test. Error bars denote standard error of the mean.

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