Long-distance transport in plants and animals. In animal cells, dynein is considered to be the sole transporter for long-distance, minus end–directed transport along MTs. However, land plants have lost the dynein gene. Plants have developed an actin-based transport system that uses plant-specific myosin-XI (Ueda et al., 2015), as well as the MT- and kin14-dependent mechanisms revealed in this study. Unlike dynein, at least two different kin14s are involved in the minus end–directed transport mechanism: kin14-VI/KCBP transports the nucleus, chloroplasts, and possibly other membranous cargoes via direct binding, whereas kin14-I/ATK drives MT transport along other MTs. ATK clusters at the migrating point, which might require an additional factor (depicted as factor X in this model).