DP mutations impair GJIC. Phase contrast and fluorescence images of NHEKs retrovirally expressing WT and mutated DPII-GFP constructs (in the background of endogenous DP) and injected with Alexa Fluor 568 dye. Arrows mark points of injection in source (s) cells. Graph shows percent dye transfer from source to neighbor (n) cells at 1 min after injection (n > 15 cell pairs for each mutation from three independent experiments). Bars, 10 µm. Error bars indicate SEM.