Neuropathological changes in the corticospinal tract of Arl6ip1 −/− mice. (A and B) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification of NeuN, GFAP, MOG, and NF-L level in the primary motor cortex region from Arl6ip1−/− and Arl6ip1+/+ mice at 6 mo (left, 200×; scale bars: 100 μm). (C and D) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification of scar-forming astrocytes with GFAP in the mouse primary motor cortex region. (E) Protein levels of neuronal and glial markers in cortex tissues. (F and G) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification for CD40-Iba1 microglia, and Arg-1-Iba1 microglia in the mouse primary motor cortex region. (H and I) Concentrations of NF-L in the CSF and serum in Arl6ip1−/− and Arl6ip1+/+ mice at 9 mo (male, n = 8 mice/group). (J) Representative image of H&E and MAP2 fluorescence staining in the spinal cord from Arl6ip1−/− and Arl6ip1+/+ mice at 6 mo (40×; scale bars: 500 μm; 200×; scale bars: 100 μm). (K) Quantification of immunofluorescence staining. Data are represented with the average of three independent biological replicates, and the mean and error bars represent the SEM, and the two-tailed unpaired t test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Source data are available for this figure: SourceData FS2.