Schematic representation of the dural venolymphatic complex in mice and humans. (A) Summary schematic of lymphatic CSF drainage circuits in the mouse head. Cerebral veins and dural sinuses (blue) drain blood from the brain. 1–6, novel MLV uptake sites where perivenous glymphatic efflux from these regions communicates with perisinusal areas of the dura mater. Fluorescent green, MLVs; bluish green, olfactory lymphatic vessels; dark green, extracranial lymphatic system; red, internal carotid artery; beige, nasopharynx; amLN, accessory mandibular LN; cc, carotid canal; cpf, cribriform plate foramina; fc, foramen caecum; ica, internal carotid artery; ijv, internal jugular vein; IOS, inferior olfactory sinus; IPETS, inferior petrosal sinus; ipf, interpterygoid foramen; jf, jugular foramen; mLN, mandibular LN; NP, nasopharynx; OE, olfactory epithelium; pef, posterior ethmoid foramen; pfv, posterior facial vein; psf, petrosquamous fissure; PSS, petrosquamous sinus; RCS, rostral confluence of sinuses; RE, respiratory epithelium; SOS, superior olfactory sinus; SS, sigmoid sinus SSS, superior sagittal sinus. (B) Schematic representation of the dural venolymphatic complex and lymphatic outflows in humans. Signal enhancement of gadobutrol (yellow) was depicted around most dural sinuses, including the SSS, the straight sinus (StS), the transverse sinus (TS), the sigmoid sinuses (SS), and the CAV. Gadobutrol flow was also detected in the carotid canal along the ica or in transforaminal routes along the trigeminal nerve branches (gray) through the superior orbital fissure (sof), the foramen rotundum (fr), and the foramen ovale (fo). cLN, cervical LNs; ijv, internal jugular vein; MS, marginal sinus.