Tracking MP infiltration during WD of the sciatic nerve using CARS imaging. (a) TPLSM 3D images of intact sciatic nerve after CCI show representative structures of the myelin sheath over time after injury, defining the progressive steps of the WD. Scale bar = 15 µm. (b) Quantification of myelin degeneration based on CARS imaging (n = 3–4 mice for each time point, processed independently; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison tests are indicated). (c) Kinetics of Mo and MP accumulation after injury; results represent mean ± 95% confidence interval (CI) of the absolute number of cells per milligram of nerve. (n = 6 mice for each time point; n = 12 for days 3 and 10; mice are pooled from two or three independent experiments, P values according to one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison to day 0 tests are indicated by asterisks). N/A, not applicable due to the low number of cells. (d) TPLSM tiled and stitched image reconstitution of noninjured, control (contralateral), and injured (ipsilateral) sciatic nerves from a MacBlue × Cx3cr1^egfp/+ mouse show the accumulation of Mo’s and MPs in constricted areas 10 d after CCI. Scale bar = 70 µm. (e) Phenotypic characterization of EGFP⁺ and ECFP⁺ cells in sciatic nerves 10 d after CCI. Mean percentage ± SD for dot plots are indicated for each subset (n = 6 out of two experiments). See also Fig. S1. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.