BMDMCs do not contribute to the regeneration of liver vasculature in nonmyeloablative models. (A) Experimental outline of the parabiotic model. The circulatory systems of WT and CAG-GFP mice were surgically conjoined, and both mice were subjected to PHx to induce liver regeneration. (B) The ratio of GFP⁺ ECs in the livers of Para-WT (sham operated and PHx) as well as Para-GFP (sham operated and PHx) mice was analyzed by FACS (mean ± SD, n = 3–4 mice). (C) Representative images of liver sections of Para-WT-PHx or Para-GFP-PHx mice costained with Ki67, GFP, and CD31 (EC-specific surface marker). Zoomed-in images are shown on the right. Arrows indicate Ki67⁺ ECs. Scale bars, 50 µm. (D) Experimental outline for transplantation of LSK cells into Rag2^−/−γ_c^−/−Kit^W/Wv mice. (E) FACS analysis of donor chimerism in CD45⁺ cells from peripheral blood of Rag2^−/−γ_c^−/−Kit^W/Wv recipients (mean ± SD, n = 4 mice). (F) The percentage of YFP⁺ ECs in the livers of Rag2^−/−γ_c^−/−Kit^W/Wv mice before and 10 d after PHx was analyzed by FACS (mean ± SD, n = 4 mice). (G) Experimental outline of the VECad-Cre^ERT2xRosa26-YFP^fl/fl genetic labeling model. (H) The frequency of YFP⁺ ECs in livers of the same VECad-Cre^ERT2xRosa26-YFP^fl/fl mouse before and 10 d after PHx was analyzed by FACS (mean ± SD, n = 6 mice). (I) The proportion of YFP⁺ cells among the total proliferated liver ECs (as labeled by EdU) after PHx (mean ± SD, n = 6 mice). Two-tailed Student’s t test.