The pyroptotic cell corpse traps live bacteria. (A–I) WT BMMs were infected with the indicated inflammasome-nonactivating bacteria, followed by FlaTox as in Fig. 1. Alternately, they were infected with inflammasome-activating SPI-1–induced S. Typhimurium as in Fig. 1. (A, C, F, and I) To examine bacterial association with pyroptotic cell debris, the number of bacteria/cell within live (PBS) and dead (FlaTox) BMMs was quantified by counting cell-associated bacteria in ∼100 cells from six fields in a single plane of images acquired by confocal microscopy. (D, E, G, and H) To determine bacterial viability, CFUs were enumerated by plating. (A) Nocodazole or cytochalasin D were added during FlaTox treatment. (B) BMMs were labeled with CellTracker Blue. Z-stacks acquired by confocal-microscopy were used for 3D reconstruction of live and dead BMMs and to generate the z view. (C) Longer resident time within the BMM does not alter the bacterial viability after pyroptosis. (D–E) Gentamicin was added during FlaTox treatment. (G and H) Infected, treated cells were then lysed and cell lysates were added to LB media and incubated in the presence of 1 or 2 mM H₂O₂, 50 ng/ml Polymyxin B, or 60 ng/ml ciprofloxacin for 2 h, and CFUs were enumerated by plating. (I) Cells were collected by scraping, and then lysed with a 30-gauge needle. Casp1^−/−Casp11^−/− BMMs were infected with cellular lysates, washed, treated with gentamicin for 2 h, fixed, and imaged. The number of Casp1^−/−Casp11^−/− BMMs with GFP-containing bacteria was determined for ∼100 individual cells from 10 fields. All data are representative of three individual experiments. All error bars represent SE. P-values were determined by a two-tailed Student’s t test; *, P < 0.05.