Skin disease in DOCK8-deficient patients. (A) Chronic ulcerating and disseminated HSV infections of the skin involving axilla (left), trunk (middle), and vulva (right) of a DOCK8-deficient patient. 19 of 34 patients in the NIH cohort had similar recurrent or disseminated HSV skin infections. (B) Skin histology in human DOCK8 deficiency. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showing epidermal and dermal layers of skin biopsies from normal healthy control (left) and DOCK8-deficient patient (right). Note highly packed, multilayered epithelial cells in the epidermis and many large pink collagen bundles in the dermis. Bars, 1 mm. Skin biopsies were evaluated from 17 DOCK8-deficient patients. (C) T cells (green) from either a healthy control (left) or DOCK8-deficient patient (right), shown migrating in dermis (purple) of foreskin tissues from healthy donors. Red arrows, elongated cell processes. Bars, 10 µm. Shown is a representative of four patients and four healthy controls tested in three experiments.