Structure of Na V Ab/I22V. (A) Crystal structure of NaVAb I22V with the mutation shown in red. (B) Close-up view of NaVAb I22V structure in the activated state (teal). Side chains of residues I22V (red), Phe56, and Arg108 (R4; cyan) are shown as sticks with the σA-weighted 2FO-FC electron density map contoured at 1.0σ level overlaid (mesh). (C) Comparison of NaVAb I22V structure (teal) with the structure of NaVAb WT (light orange). Side chains of the gating charges R2 to R4 are shown as sticks. The I22V mutation lacks the Cδ atom present in Ile22 and results in more space for R4 to change conformations. The van der Waals hemisphere of Ile22 Cδ is shown as dots. NaVAbΔ28 (PDB accession no. 6MWA) was used for the comparison as WT. (D) Homology model of NaVAb I22V structure in the resting state.