CBD alters lipid bilayer properties in GFA. (a) Cartoon representation of gramicidin monomers in each leaflet coming together (dimerizing) to form cationic channels. The dimerization of the gramicidin channels is directly related to membrane elasticity. These properties are used to assay compound (e.g., CBD) effects on membrane elasticity. (b) Chemical structures of CBD and Triton X-100. (c) Fluorescence quench traces showing Tl+ quench of ANTS fluorescence in gramicidin-containing DC22:1PC LUVs with no drug (control, black) and incubated with CBD for 10 min at the noted concentrations. The results for each drug represent five to eight repeats (dots) and their averages (solid white lines). (d) Single repeats (dots) with stretched exponential fits (red solid lines). (e) Fluorescence quench rates determined from the stretched exponential fits at varying concentrations of CBD (red) and Triton X-100 (purple, from Ingólfsson et al., 2010) normalized to quench rates in the absence of drug. Mean ± SD, n = 2 (for CBD).
