Mitochondrial fission, not fusion nor transport, is required for distal astrocyte process morphogenesis in vivo. (A, E, and I) Schematic of mitochondrial fission, fusion, and transport mediated by Drp1, Mfn1, and Miro1, respectively. (B–D, F–H, and J–L) Representative images of V1 P21 astrocytes expressing mCherry-CAAX–tagged shRNA (magenta) against Drp1 (shDrp1), Mfn1 (shMfn1), Miro1 (shMiro1), or scrambled control (shControl) and their EGFP mitochondria (green). Scale bar, 10 μm. (B, F, and J) Astrocyte territory (cyan) and quantification, (D, G, and K) NIV reconstructions (cyan) and quantification, and (D, H, and L) distal mitochondrial volume (green within cyan ROI) and quantification in shControl, shDrp1, shMfn1, and shMiro1 conditions, respectively. N = 4–5 male and female mice/condition (large circles), n = 2–4 cells/mouse, 10–15 cells total/condition (small gray dots). Data are mean ± SEM. Nested t test.