Force generation in a cardiac sarcomere. (A) Kinetic model of force generation in myofibrils that assumes off, on, and cross-bridge generating states for myosin (Campbell et al., 2018). We assume that changes in passive force due to altered titin–actin interactions impact the transition rate between myosin off and on states. (B) Predictions of stress (force/area) for isometric contraction at two sarcomere lengths, based on the model in panel A. (C) Same as (B), but assuming reduced GSK3B conditions.
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