Langerhans cells under metabolic stress have a proinflammatory signature. (A) Differentially expressed transcripts related to immune function in Atg5^WT versus Atg5^ΔCd207 LCs (GO:0048871, GO:0009611, GO:0001660, GO:0035458, GO:0070672, GO:0019221, GO:0097529, GO:0006954, GO:0002274, GO:0050865, GO:1905517, GO:0001773). (B) Expression of Cxcl1, Cxcl2, and Cxcl3 genes quantified by RT-qPCR in purified LCs of the indicated genotypes. Data are pooled from two independent experiments, with each point representing one individual 3-wk-old mouse. (C–G) One ear of Atg5^WT or Atg5^ΔCd207 mice was injected intradermally with 2.5 µg alum hydroxide (C–E) or 10 µg poly(I:C) (F and G) and the contralateral ear was left untreated. 4 h later, whole skin was digested and cell suspensions were monitored by flow cytometry for CD45⁺ CD3− CD11b+ Gr1+ Ly6G+ neutrophils and CD45⁺ CD3− CD11b+ Gr1 low Ly6G- monocytes (C: representative example). Percentages of neutrophils (D and F) and monocytes (E and G) were calculated as a proportion of live CD45⁺ cells. Data are pooled from six to nine independent experiments, with each point representing one individual 3-wk-old mouse. Statistical analysis: Mann–Whitney U test (B) or two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s multiple comparison tests. (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ****, P < 0.0001; ns, P > 0.05).