Arid5a expression in human and murine AGN (associated with Figs. 1 and 2). (a)ARID5A levels according to the Human Cell Atlas single-cell RNA-Seq datasets (Stewart et al., 2019). ARID5A and ATP1A1 (ATPase Na⁺/K⁺ transporting subunit α1) are indicated, analyzed by Adifa. PT, proximal tubule. dPT, distinct proximal tubule. EPC, epithelial progenitor cell. PC, principal cell. PE, pelvic epithelium. TE, transitional epithelium of ureter. CNT, connecting tubule. LOH, loop of Henle. IC, intercalated cells. podo, podocyte. Fib, fibroblast. MFib, myofibroblast. GE, glomerular endothelium. DVRE/AVRE, descending/ascending vasa recta endothelium. PCE, peritubular capillary endothelium. NK, natural killer. (b)ARID5A and ATP1A1 in the Human Nephrogenesis Atlas by single-cell RNA-Seq (Lindström et al., 2021). (c) Mice were given PBS (Control) or subjected to AGN and analyzed on day 7. qPCR analysis of Zc3h12a normalized to Gapdh. Each symbol represents one mouse. Results were pooled from two independent experiments (n = 2–6). Analyzed by one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s test. (d) Sections from WT and Arid5a^−/− kidneys were stained for DAPI and anti-Arid5a by IF. Representative images are shown. Scale bar = 500 µm. (e) Mice were given PBS (Control) or subjected to AGN and analyzed on day 7. Serum BUN was assessed by ELISA. Mean ± SEM, analyzed by one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s test. Results were pooled from two independent experiments (n = 5–7). (f) Indicated mRNAs in kidney were assessed on day 7 by qPCR normalized to Gapdh. Mean ± SEM, analyzed by one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s test. Each symbol represents one mouse (n = 5–7) pooled from two independent experiments. (g) Mice were administered PBS or AA1, and serum BUN was assessed by ELISA on day 6. Each symbol represents one mouse (n = 6–9), pooled from two to three independent experiments. Mean ± SEM, analyzed by one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s test. *P < 0.05, **** < 0.0001.