Exhausted bladder tumor CD8 ⁺ T cell subsets are present in urine but not in blood. (A) UMAP of 8,784 CD8⁺ T cells across all BC blood, tumor, and urine. There were 12 CD8⁺ T clusters unbiasedly identified with a resolution of 0.6. Cells are colored according to their defined subset and annotated based on prior studies. (B) UMAP of CD8⁺ T cells split by tissue. (C) Bar-plot comparison of CD8⁺ T cell cluster composition across tissue. (D) Expression level of functional genes of interest in CD8⁺ T cells across tissue. (E and F) Volcano plot representing DEGs between CD8⁺ T cells in (E) urine versus tumor and (F) in blood versus tumor. (G) Pathways upregulated in tumor versus blood CD8⁺ T cells. (H) Volcano plot displaying DEGs between CD8⁺ T cells in urine versus blood. (I) Pathways enriched in urine versus blood CD8⁺ T cells. Cutoffs of log₂FC > |1| and P value <0.05 were used for volcano plots and pathway analysis.