mrps-5 knockdown promotes mitochondrial import. (a and b) glp-1(e2141ts) mutant animals were grown at 25°C on bacteria expressing mrps-5 dsRNA (20% diluted with bacteria containing the empty RNAi vector alone) from hatching until the first day of adulthood. Mitochondria were isolated on day 1 of adulthood and subjected to import assay followed by Western blot analysis. Import efficiency was quantified by measuring the mature imported protein (arrowheads) as detected by the DHFR antibody, followed by analysis with unpaired Student’s t test (two-tailed). The graph is presented as mean ± SD. n = 3. **, P < 0.01. (c and d) To induce UPR^mt during development, hsp-6p::gfp animals were grown at 25°C on bacteria expressing cco-1 dsRNA (c) or spg-7 dsRNA (d; diluted to 1:1 ratio with bacteria containing the empty RNAi vector alone) from the time of hatching until the first day of adulthood. To suppress UPR^mt, animals were treated with double RNAi (1:1 mixture of bacteria) replacing the empty RNAi vector with dve-1 dsRNA (c) or atfs-1 dsRNA (d). Control worms were grown on bacteria containing empty vector alone. Scale bar = 100 μm. Source data are available for this figure: SourceData FS1.