Ion trajectories for simulations with Li ⁺ /Na ⁺ and K ⁺ (900 mM) at various membrane voltages. (A–F) Hyperpolarizing voltages of −700 mV were applied for pure LiCl with Li⁺ preplaced in p34. (D–F) Simulations were conducted at the same voltage and mixed-cationic sets for (D) LiCl/NaCl with Na⁺ preplaced in p34, (E) LiCl/KCl with Li⁺ preplaced in S3, (F) LiCl/KCl with Li⁺ and K⁺ preplaced in p23 and p34, respectively. (G–J) Additional simulations at lower hyperpolarized membrane potentials with initial placement (G) of Li⁺ in p34 and within the cavity, (H) Li⁺ in p23 and K⁺ in p34 and (I and J) Li⁺ in p34 were conducted with −500, −250, and −150 mV, respectively.