Figure 2.

Design of sialylated and unsialylated TI-2–like conjugates and comparison of initial antibody responses elicited in C57BL/6 mice. (A) Structure of immunogenic and tolerogenic conjugates. Shown schematically are PA conjugates carrying both NP and the nonsiglec-binding carbohydrate Galβ1-4GlcNAc (NP–PA), compared with the conjugates NP–PA–NeuGc or NP–PA–bNeuGc. (B and C) Mice were immunized 7 d previously with 20 µg of the indicated conjugates in PBS. Unless otherwise stated, the antigen dose given in all experiments of this study was 20 µg in PBS. Results shown are representative of at least three independent experiments. All statistical tests given used the two-tailed Student’s t test. Means + SD are shown. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.005. (B) Antibody response to NP–PA–bNeuGc (+) versus NP–PA (−; n = 4/group). (C) Antibody response to NP–PA–NeuGc (+) versus NP–PA (−; n = 7/group).

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