TSLP is not required for the initiation of an intestinal Th2 cytokine response to Trichuris. (A) Frequencies of CD4⁺ IFN-γ⁺ T cells isolated from the MLNs and stimulated directly ex vivo (percentages are shown). (B) Antigen-specific cytokine production from restimulated MLN cells was determined by ELISA. (C) Antigen-specific serum IgG2a levels. (D and E) Anti–IFN-γ treatment (Tx) restored goblet cell function in TSLPR^−/− mice. (D) Protein isolated from fecal pellets on various days after infection was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted for RELMβ. (E) Paraffin sections of cecal tissue were IF stained for RELMβ and GOB5 (green) and costained with DAPI (blue). (F) Day 34 cecal sections were stained with H&E. (G) Worm burdens were assessed at days 21 and 34 after infection. Results represent means ± SEM. Data are representative of two individual experiments with three to four mice per group. *, P ≤ 0.05. Bars, 50 µm.